This journal follows the publication ethics standards based on the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) to ensure high-quality academic publications.

Authors must ensure that their manuscripts are original works that have not been published previously and are not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given.

Editors are responsible for making publication decisions based on the scholarly merit of the manuscripts without discrimination based on race, gender, religion, nationality, or political belief.

Reviewers must evaluate manuscripts objectively and confidentially. They should provide constructive feedback to help authors improve their manuscripts and must disclose any potential conflicts of interest.

Any form of plagiarism, data fabrication, falsification, or unethical research practice will result in rejection or retraction of the manuscript.